Vezi și
1.
Schema de tratament pentru
cazurile ușoare de Covid-19
2.
Romania traiește , încă
, din inertia bogățiilor create in Epoca Comunistă
3.
Scara de valori a
societății romanești
4.
Europa privită din viitor
5.
Hrana vie
6.
Planurile in derulare sunt
o munca in progres, veche de sute de ani
7.
Destinatii uimitoare pe glob
8.
Miracolul japonez- Drum
reconstruit în patru zile
10.
Duda a pus mâna pe Casa Regală
11.
Nu poti multiplica bogatia divizand-o !
12.
Evolutia Laptop - Cântărea 5,44 kg
13.
O Nouă Republică
14. A fi patriot nu e un merit, e o datorie.!
15.În vremea monarhiei,
taranii romani reprezentau 90% din populatie si nu aveau drept de vot.
16.
Miracolul din Noua Zeelandă - LYPRINOL
17.
Cea mai frumoasă scrisoare
de dragoste
18.
Locul unde Cerul se uneste cu Pamantul
19.
Fii propriul tău nutriționist
20.
Maya ramane o civilizatie misterioasa
21.
Slăbești daca esti motivat
22.
Serbet de ciocolata
23.
Set medical Covid necesar
acasă
24.
Medicament retras - folosit în diabet
25.
Brexit-ul - Spaima Europei
26.
Virusul Misterios
27.
Inamicul numărul unu al
acumulatorilor
28.
Sistemele solare - apă caldă
29.
Economisirea energiei
electrice
30. Hoțul de cărți
31.
Aparitia starii de insolventa
32.
TRUMP ESTE PRESEDINTE
33.
Microbii din organismul uman
34.
Despre islamizarea Europei.
O publicăm integral. Și fără comentarii.
35.
„Naţiunea este mai
importantă ca Libertatea !”
36.
Masca ce omoară virusul O veste de Covid
37.Primul an de viaţă -
Alocatia pentru copil
38.Tavalugul Marelui Razboi -
Globaliyarea - Asasinii Economici
Pe scurt
Stiinta si tehnologia si-au unit fortele si au realizat echipamente capabile sa controleze puteri ce pana nu demult erau de neimaginat. Tehnologiile actuale ne permit sa facem experimente |globale|. HAARP, EISCAT, SURA. Trei programe de cercetare ce se desfasoara in zona arctica si care genereaza noi temeri: exista pericolul provocarii unui dezechilibru planetar ireversibil. Trebuie oare sa ne pregatim pentru un nou gen de razboi, razboiul geofizic?
foto:retea de antene sinfazate la Gakona (Alaska) : http://www.haarp.alaska.edu/
Introducere:
Dezvoltarea exploziva a stiintei si tehnologiei in secolul trecut a facut ca Planeta Pamant sa nu mai para atat de mare. Daca in urma cu o suta patruzeci de ani era de neimaginat ca cineva sa inconjoare Pamantul in mai putin de 80 de zile, astazi, sateliti cu echipaj uman sau navete spatiale il inconjoara in zeci de minute. Cu un singur click, informatiile ajung la antipozi in cateva fractiuni de secunda. Cursa inarmarilor nucleare a provocat multe insomnii la nivel planetar. Pana nu demult era de la sine inteles ca extinctia brutala a civilizatiei actuale nu poate fi provocata decat de o coliziune catastrofala cu un alt corp ceresc sau datorita unei forte malefice extraterestre. Totusi, in ultimii ani, dezvoltarea geofizicii si a unei noi ramuri tehnologice, geoingineria, a provocat multe frisoane celor ce au inteles ca o imensa putere distructiva poate ajunge sub controlul unor minti bolnave. Chiar daca efectele globale pot fi provocate doar de forte globale si energii imense, nu trebuie sa neglijam urmatorul aspect: de multe ori forta bruta poate fi eliberata si directionata cu un minim de efort, intr-o anume directie, pentru a produce efecte dezastruoase. (retea de antene in cadrul proiectului HAARP credit: http://www.haarp.alaska.edu/)
Ce este ionosfera?
Ionosfera este partea ionizata a atmosferei. Radiatia solara este factor principal in ionizarea straturilor superioare ale atmosferei. Astfel, radiatia incidenta provoaca disocierea moleculelor de gaz in ioni pozitivi si electroni, ajungandu-se la starea de plasma. O plasma rarefiata, dar formata din particule ce au energii foarte mari. Aceasta plasmosfera incepe de la altitudini de aproximativ 60km si se intinde pana la 1000km, unde numarul de ioni cuprinsi in unitatea de volum este atat de mic, incat se poate considera ca atmosfera a devenit vid cosmic. Mecanismul de ionizare datorat interactiunii dintre radiatia cosmica si atmosfera face ca densitatea de sarcini sa aiba un maxim la altitudini de aproximativ 300km. Se formeaza astfel un strat reflector pentru undele electromagnetice ce au frecvente mai mici de 30MHz. Aceasta reflexie pe ionosfera este folosita in transmiterea la foarte mare distanta a undelor radio din gama de unde scurte.
Ionosfera este un mediu ostil oricaror forme de viata. Presiunea este extrem de mica, energiile particulelor extrem de mari, iar furtunile electromagnetice provocate in principal de exploziile solare genereaza curenti electrici de sute de mii de amperi.
Magnetosfera si furtunile electromagnetice
Campul magnetic terestru este un scut natural impotriva vantului solar si a altor radiatii cosmice sau particule de foarte inalta energie. Datorita in principal exploziilor solare, structura liniilor de camp poate fi puternic perturbata aparand furtunile electromagnetice. In zonele polare, unde campul magnetic se intensifica si liniile de camp sunt deschise, multi electroni de mare energie patrund pana la altitudini de ordinul a 100 km unde interactioneaza cu moleculele de gaz din atmosfera mai putin rarefiata, printr-un mecanism de excitare-dezexcitare ce duce la eliberarea unor cantitati mari de fotoni. Acest fenomen se intensifica in timpul furtunilor electromagnetice si devine de multe ori vizibil de pe Pamant sub forma unor aurore boreale sau australe. In aceste zone polare, curentul electric generat de deplasarea sarcinilor electrice poate atnge valori de 1 milion de amperi, intr-o zona spatiala destul de restransa. Daca furtuna electromagnetica este foarte intensa, aurora polara poate sa apara chiar si la latitudini mai mici, cum s-a observat in data de 15 iulie 2000 in sudul Frantei.
Furtunile electromagnetice puternice pot avea efecte dezastruoase asupra echipamentelor de telecomunicatii si de navigatie sau asupra aeronavelor aflate in zbor. Deasemenea, variatiile mari ale campului magnetic pot induce in liniile de inalta tensiune curenti importanti ce nu pot fi compensati. Astfel in data de 13martie 1989, o puternica furtuna magnetica a provocat caderea sistemului de distributie a energiei electrice in mare parte a Statelor Unite si in sudul Canadei, timp de aproape noua ore. Pagube serioase apar si datorita curentilor indusi in conductele lungi de transport a petrolului sau a gazelor naturale.
Furtunile electromagnetice actioneaza nefast asupra organismului uman. In cadrul unui studiu efectuat asupra populatiei din Moscova s-a constatat ca in timpul unor astfel de furtuni au loc foarte multe atacuri de cord. Se observa de asemenea, o reducere semnificativa a ritmului cardiac si a presiunii arteriale.
Ionosfera poate fi considerata un imens tub electronic.
Sa revenim la curentii intensi ce circula in ionosfera in zonele polare. Prin intermediul unor pulsuri electromagnetice, acesti curenti pot fi modulati, ca intr-un imens tub electronic, in asa fel incat sa provoace variatii semnificative ale campului magnetic terestru la nivel global. Daca |bombardam| ionosfera cu impulsuri de unde radio din intervalul de frecvente de la 2 MHz pana la 10MHz, putem obtine un transfer optim de energie catre particulele din zona tinta, generand un efect de |incalzire locala|. Iar aceasta modificare zonala a ionosferei genereaza unde electromagnetice de foarte joasa frecventa ce se propaga la distante imense, ajungand chiar sa inconjoare Pamantul. Aceste unde electromagnetice de foarte joasa frecventa pot patrunde in adancul marilor si oceanelor sau chiar si in litosfera. Pana nu demult, Statele Unite utilizau echipamente de emisie pe o frecventa purtatoare de 76Hz (ELF) pentru a transmite ordine sau alte informatii catre submarinele US Navy aflate in imersie pe intreg Oceanul planetar (Proiectul Seafarer). In anul 2004, Statele Unite au renuntat la aceasta metoda. Se pare ca generarea undelor ELF prin |incalzirea locala a ionosferei| s-a dovedit un procedeu mult mai eficient.
HAARP, EISCAT, SURA sunt trei programe capabile sa faca experimente |globale|
In anul 1993, Statele Unite ale Americii au inceput dezvoltarea unei statii de cercetare a fenomenelor legate de ionosfera si aurore boreale langa localitatea Gakona din Alaska.
Organizatiile participante la acest proiect sugereaza caracterul militar al directiilor de cercetare abordate: US Air Force, US Navy, DARPA (Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency) si Universitatea Alaska. Fara a intra in alte detalii tehnice, precizez ca baza de cercetare dispune de mai multe sisteme de antene sinfazate, astfel incat sa fie capabila sa transmita spre ionosfera impulsuri electromagnetice de foarte mare putere si sa analizeze efectele ce apar datorita acestor impulsuri. In vara anului 2007 a fost finalizata investitia ajungandu-se la o putere injectata in antene de 3,6MW. Statele Unite mai dispun de alte doua centre de cercetare asemanatoare la Fairbanks, Alaska (proiectul HIPAS) si la Observatorul Arecibo din Puerto Rico.
Un proiect similar european are acronimul EISCAT (European Incoherent Scatter Scientific Association). Echipamentele de emisie sunt amplasate in nordul peninsulei Scandinave langa localitatea Tromsǿ din Norvegia. Statii de receptie sunt amplasate in Sodankylä din Finlanda si Kiruna din Suedia. La acest proiect participa institutii de cercetare din mai multe tari: Norvegia, Suedia, Finlanda, Japonia, China, Anglia si Germania.
Fosta Uniune Sovietica a dezvoltat propria baza de cercetare a ionosferei la Vasilsurk, in nordul Rusiei. Echipamentele au fost puse in functiune in anul 1981. Emitatoarele acopera intervalul de frecvente dintre 4,5MHz si 9,3MHz. Echipamentele de emisie constau in trei emitatoare a cate 250kW si un sistem radiant format din 144 antene sinfazate, capabile sa emita spre ionosfera cu o putere aparent radiata de 190MW.
Dupa cum se observa, in afara de baza de la Arecibo, toate celelalte facilitati sunt amplasate in apropiere de poli. La poli, ionosfera este strabatuta de curenti electrici extrem de puternici. Prin modularea acestor curenti se pot produce efecte globale: furtuni electromagnetice, modificari in ionosfera si se pot transmite informatii pe intreg globul, chiar si in adancul marilor si oceanelor sau in litosfera. Se pot crea de asemenea canale prin care radiatii cosmice periculoase si particule cosmice de energie inalta sa patrunda pana in apropiere de suprafata Pamantului.
Concluzii
Se stie ca undele electromagnetice de foarte joasa frecventa, provocate de descarcarile electrice din atmosfera (fulgere sau trasnete) ajung chiar sa inconjoare Pamantul. La anumite frecvente apare un fenomen de rezonanta numit |rezonanta Schumann|. Bazele de cercetari ale ionosferei aflate la poli au capacitatea tehnologica necesara producerii artificiale a unor astfel de fenomene de rezonanta prin generarea unor unde electromagnetice de foarte joasa frecventa. Daca se genereaza unde in antifaza, fenomenul de rezonanta poate fi anihilat. Dar acest joc este extrem de periculos si omenirea trebuie sa se abtina de la experimente facute la scara planetara deoarece mentinerea civilizatiei actuale pe planeta Pamant depinde de o multitudine de factori aflati in interdependenta si intr-un echilibru extrem de precar. O analiza gresita a efectelor posibile poate avea rezultate dezastruoase. Echilibrul creat pe parcursul milioanelor de ani poate fi distrus in cateva minute iar omenirea va trebui sa caute scapare undeva, probabil in adancul Pamantului.
Articolul este preluat de pe portalul spacesignals.blogspot.com cu permisiunea autorului.
Autor: Paul Dolea Stiinta.info - Luni, 28 Decembrie 2009
This graph shows both the signal amplitude, in yellow at the top, and a spectral analysis of the HAARP pulse in the blue/green patterns at the bottom. To listen to the sound file from which this analysis was made use below player panel.
HAARP (High-Frequency Active Auroral Research Program) is a high-powered radio transmission research facility jointly operated by the US Navy, Air Force and several universities. Because of the high secrecy surrounding the government HAARP project, many theories have risen trying to explain what HAARP is and does. Most of them are simply wild speculations, based on fears about what "they are doing up there." It is the purpose of this article to provide sufficient technical expertise to dispel the mystery.
The above HAARP signal was monitored on 3.39 MHZ and recorded in San Jose, California, about 5,000 miles from the transmitter in Gakona, eastern central Alaska. At that distance and frequency, the signal can only be heard during the night after two F-layer ionospheric skips. Some short-term signal fading over the signal path may be the cause for the variations in the smooth roll-off in the amplitude from 1 sec to the end of the pulse at 6.25 secs. These loud 6 second pulses are usually repeated with a quiet 15 or 30 second pause between pulses.1. HAARP and ULF (Ultra Low Frequency) Waves
The HAARP sound recording may seem full of static. It is not. The rushing roaring sound of a blow torch is the HAARP signal itself, as shown by the silence or background noise of the receiver at the end of the pulse, and by the clarity of the tones at the beginning. If you wanted to see or hear the ULF (ultra low frequency) waves sent out by the HAARP transmitter, you will be disappointed here.
My receiver is not equipped to record ULF waves in the region of 1 to 10 Hz, and has an audio roll-off in the range of about 30 Hz. And besides, you can't hear or see a 0.9 or 1 Hz signal anyway. It is way below the range of normal human hearing. You need instruments to sense it. A powerful 1 Hz sound would probably be "sensed" as a slow rolling earthquake or a slight rocking motion as on the ocean. Nonetheless, a major component and purpose of the HAARP signal is an audio modulation at the frequency of about 0.9 Hz. And what is that purpose? I'll get to that in a moment.2. HAARP Interaction with the Atmosphere
The HAARP pulse is primarily divided into two components. The first part is the sections marked A and B on the chart above and is the powerful "pre-heat" megawatt pulse aimed upward at the ionosphere just above the HAARP facility. As the radio waves travel up through the atmosphere they have no effect until they reach the ionosphere about 200 kilometers above the earth, which is far above the atmosphere. At that point the waves interact with the ions, which may be electrons, protons or ionized parts of atoms like oxygen, ozone or nitrogen.
Normally the particles in the near vacuum of outer-space in the region of the ionosphere are simply moving randomly in all directions. Some particles may hit each other and re-combine into normal atoms of oxygen and nitrogen, thus simply becoming a part of the atmosphere. Other particles may drift off into space and others may move downward into the thicker atmosphere where they re-combine. Then along comes the HAARP signal.
For about a quarter second during the part A and B of the pulse, the randomly moving ions are now forced to madly race back and forth in the direction of the radio waves at the speed of light or 300,000 kilometers per second, which is real fast. Many of them strike atoms in the upper atmosphere and cause the atoms to also become ionized. Thus the number of ions is suddenly increased. Since the neutral atoms in the atmosphere do not react to the radio waves, they remain more or less stationary, and become "sitting ducks" just waiting to be hit by one of the billions of racing ions all rushing back and forth in response to theHAARP waves.
Even if the neutral atoms don't become ionized, many of them are struck by the fast ions and soon most of the atmospheric atoms high above the HAARPtransmitter are also rushing in all directions but not back and forth as are the ions. This sudden increase in the motion of both the atoms and ions in the upper atmosphere is called "ionospheric heating." In fact, the HAARP facility, along with several similar research instruments in Europe and Russia, are in the category of Ionospheric Heaters. But its what HAARP does next during the part C of the pulse which makes HAARP unique.3. Components of the HAARP Pulse
from BrotherJonathanGazette Website
In portion A of the pulse, identifier tones are sent at frequencies of 360, 1000 and 1700 Hz, with some harmonics at higher frequencies visible on the graph. In part B the tones are 650 Hz with a harmonic at 1300 Hz. On the chart the yellow color indicates a very strong signal, the green indicates a medium strength signal and the blue shows a weak signal.
In part C of the signal there is a continuous tone at 2100 Hz which remains during the whole pulse and sometimes several seconds afterward. There is also a much weaker tone around 2500 Hz during all of the pulse. And then there is all that green/yellow stuff at the bottom, sloping upward to the right during all of part C. What the heck is that? To explain that we need to look at the HAARP antenna itself.
Antenna Arrary.
Showing the crossed beams of the circularly polarized antennas. The HAARP "antenna farm" consists of 48 towers, soon to be 180, about 25 meters tall and each is topped with a pair of crossed beams in a north-south and east-west direction. The actual radiating parts of the antenna include those wires dangling from the ends of the beams.
By sloping the wires and hooking all the antennas together they act as one large single antenna covering 33 acres which can transmit in the north-south or east-west direction.4. HAARP Circular Polarization
If HAARP only used the north-south beams then the electrons and protons in the ionosphere would race madly in the north-south direction. And likewise if the radio waves move in the east-west direction, so would the ions. What HAARP does is on each portion of the transmitter cycle it switches from the east-west to the north-south beams and back again.
If you could see the radio waves rising from the antenna they would appear to be spiraling or "cork-screwing" upward. This is called "circular polarization" of the radio signal. This is not uncommon, since all commercial FM stations use circular polarization to send horizontal signals to home roof antennas and vertical signals to automobile antennas.
But HAARP is not broadcasting to homes or autos, nor is it switching on each cycle. No, the HAARP signal is corkscrewing upward at a rate of, TADA!, about 0.9 Hz. And why is that? By corkscrewing the signal, the ions in the upper atmosphere do not just race madly back and forth, instead they move in BIG circles. And you can get the most ions running around the "race course" just above HAARP if you make them have a "lap time" of about once per second.
5. Optimizing the HAARP RotationWhat determines the optimum "lap time" is something called the plasma density and is related to the temperature, number of ions, number of neutral atoms in the ionosphere, and some other factors I won't mention here.
(Note: For more information on plasma density consult any of the many graduate texts on plasma physics. Also, I have oversimplified the relation between the 0.9 Hz signal and the "lap time." It is not my purpose here to provide a complete description of ionospheric cyclotronic interactions.)
By making the ions, both electrons and protons, move in big circles they each become little electromagnets with a north and south pole. At the latitude of HAARP in Gakona, Alaska the earth's magnetic field lines are nearly vertical. So if the HAARP circular polarization is either clockwise or counter-clockwise you can make the ions racing around at 0.9 Hz either be attracted to the earth's magnetic north pole or repelled. If the circling ions are attracted, then they would simply spiral downward toward the earth's north pole and run into the denser atmosphere and might produce a very weak aurora, hence the name High Frequency Active Auroral Research Program. That's all very interesting but its not exactly the real purpose of HAARP.6. HAARP as a "Particle Gun"
If the HAARP signal rotates so the ions circle around with their north poles pointing downward, then they are repelled by the earth's magnetic north pole and are shot out into the vacuum of space at nearly the speed of light. Wow, you mean HAARP is a particle gun? You betcha! The largest one around, sorta.
But its not really a "gun" because you can't aim it at anything. The particles simply shoot off into space. But they are still spiraling and are magnetic, and as a result they follow along the earth's magnetic field. In less than half a second they arrive at the earth's south pole. There, they don't even touch the atmosphere but are caused to spiral more tightly by the earth's converging magnetic field lines, until they are made to flip over and are shot right back to the north pole, all in less than a second. Thus HAARP is really a particle injector which fires billions of ions into the "magnetic bottle" of the earth's magnetosphere, where they remain trapped for a long time.7. Uses of the HAARP Particle Injection Device
So what can you do with a particle injector like HAARP? According to the original patent design, this device could be used to produce a thick blanket of fast particles in the region of the magnetosphere which would knock out any electronic controls on, or possibly completely destroy, any space vehicle which flew through it. This was most interesting in the 1980's when the patent was filed and even in 1990 when the US government decided to build HAARP. At that time the main nuclear threat was the USSR and any missile from Russia aimed at the US would need to pass through the magnetosphere over the north pole.
By deploying the HAARP system, no missiles from Russia would reach the US. None. Zero. And that is pretty effective! Most people think of an ICBM as a kind of big rock or arrow. You just lob it from here and it sorta lands on the target over there. Not so. An ICBM is a space vehicle. It must take off using a large booster rocket, travel at near orbital speed in the vacuum of space until it is over the target then it must re-enter the atmosphere.
To survive re-entry the missile must use one of several schemes, like retro rockets, or deploying an ablative heat shield to protect the warhead from simply burning up in the atmosphere. If the missile's computer controls are destroyed when passing through the magnetosphere then the missile will not survive re-entry and will simply burn up like a piece of space junk or a meteor. There's a good chance the missile's control systems are destroyed even before the second stage separates from the booster, thus the missile never even arrives over the target.8. The HAARP Shield and the "Cold War"
In the 1980's and '90's a number of Strategic Defense Initiative (SDI or "Star Wars") programs were developed. All of them, which relied on shooting particle beams, lasers or anti-ballistic missiles at the target were made obsolete and useless in the early 1980's. I know, since I worked on a number of them. They all relied on knowing where the target was and then shooting something at the target. The development of non-radar-reflective paint and surfaces, or stealth technology, meant you can't tell where the target is. If you don't know where it is, how can you shoot at it? The only effective defensive shield concept was and is HAARP.
My suspicion is, the decision to build HAARP in 1990 was one of the major reasons for the collapse of the Soviet Union in 1991. Since ALL soviet missiles would be destroyed before re-entering the atmosphere, the USSR had neither an offensive nor defensive missile weapons system, other than nuclear submarines. The US could turn on and off the HAARP shield at will, so it was almost like putting the "shields" up or down on Captain Kirk's Enterprise on the "real" Star Wars. You put the shields down to fire weapons, then put the shields back up to defend against any incoming missiles. The USSR was no longer a nuclear threat nor even a nuclear power as soon as the HAARP system was built. Bye, Bye USSR.9. Where the HAARP Shield Fails
Unfortunately, the HAARP system is not exactly like the shields on the Enterprise. The shield follows along the lines of the earth's magnetic field. Near the north and south poles the magnetosphere reaches down to almost touch the atmosphere. But near the equator the magnetosphere is several thousand miles out in space.
A missile from Russia going over the polar region must pass through the magnetosphere. But a missile from China can deploy a second stage, reach orbit and deploy for re-entry all below an altitude of several hundred miles and never come anywhere near the magnetosphere. Thus HAARP is no defense against Chinese nuclear weapons. A new technology is needed. And it was found.10. New Methods for the HAARP Shield
About 1995 a number of ionospheric research physicists studying particles coming from the sun, noticed the height of the particles above the earth's surface bouncing back and forth from pole to pole was dependent on their velocity. By slowing the particles down the racing electrons and protons in the magnetosphere would drop down from several thousand miles to almost the top of the atmosphere about 20 to 50 miles above the surface. Could HAARP be used to make that happen? Yes.
By changing the frequency at which ions race "around the track" above HAARP just before they are shot out into space, you can determine the height at which they travel.11. The Pulse Graph Shows New HAARP Technology
Simply by changing the frequency of the circular polarization during the HAARP pulse a vertical curtain of extremely fast particles can be made to drop down from the magnetosphere to just above the top of the atmosphere along the direction which the HAARP signal is sent. In the graph of fig.1 the sloping lines of the green/yellow color are caused by the base frequency of 0.9 to 1 Hz being shifted slightly during the pulse.
What is seen in the graph is the higher frequency harmonics of the square wave pulses which heat the ions but it is the ULF component which fires them into space. And it is the slow shifting of the ULF component during the pulse which produces the vertical curtain shield. I have seen and heard many pulses with the sound seeming to be falling. In this sample the sound is slightly rising. Sounding something like the rising roar of a jet engine during take-off.12. What Else You Can Learn About HAARP
Well, that is a thumbnail sketch of what you can discover by looking at the graph and listening to the sound of the HAARP transmitter. Of course, none of this is part of the "official" story you can get by rummaging through the web pages at the "official" HAARP website . You might learn about the number of university programs which are performing research on the ionosphere. But even in the "cover story" of ionospheric research, they hardly mention the study of Alfven Waves at the ultra low frequency (ULF) of 0.9 Hz. HAARP is supposed to be an HF or High-Frequency facility.
They do mention some of the students are doing studies on ELF (Extremely Low Frequency) waves. But the only way you might find out HAARP is primarily a ULF facility, despite its name, is by looking at the technical specifications of the instrumentation. Especially, the Induction Magnetometer instrument which was made and tuned for HAARP to detect the pc1 Alfven waves in the magnetic field with a ULF frequency of 0.9 Hz.
You can find out about the Navy's ELF Systems for communicating to nuclear submarines from antennas in Wisconsin and Michigan operating at 76 Hz. You will find nothing about how the US Navy has been using HAARP's ULF signal to transmit much deeper in the ocean. Other countries can communicate to deep subs with transmitters and antennas which can go down to about 7 Hz. But HAARP operates at about 1 Hz. The lower the frequency the deeper the signal penetrates the ocean. To find out about the Navy's "Official" explanation of what they are doing at HAARP, check out the Navy HAARP Fact Sheet.
At the HAARP website you might learn the third member of the triumvirate which operates the facility is the US Air Force. And that's about all you learn. Nothing is said about any Air Force activity at HAARP. Until you read this article you would never have guessed, the part of the Air Force which operates the HAARP facility is the Space Vehicles Directorate, whose primary task is planning and engaging in space warfare. Check out the "Official" Space Vehicles DirectorateAF HAARP Fact Sheet to see what they want you to know. Now, why would the Space Vehicles Directorate be interested in playing with some radios in Alaska? Doh. Well, now you know.
To find out about the primary purpose of HAARP you can take a look at the patent filed by Dr. Eastlund in 1985. The patent is filled with a lot of those strange "chicken scratchings" of higher calculus used by plasma physicists and theoretical radio scientists. Just ignore those. That's only the stuff you put in patents to fool the patent inspectors into thinking you know what you're talking about before you actually build a device to prove you are right.
But the patent does have some nice pictures of how the "corkscrewing" waves from the transmitter interact with the ions in the ionosphere to shoot them out into space. Along with the patent bibliography there is a clear description of how a "HAARP" type device can be used. Taken together they give a rather dry, but chilling description of the future of warfare in space.
There are two items which you will see of prime importance:
(1) the patent has been assigned to APTI Inc, (APTI is a small subdivision of oil company ARCO, the prime defense contractor which built HAARP)
(2) the Patent Office Classifications for the Eastlund patent are 089/1.11 and 376/100-123
And what do those classifications mean? Here's what the US Pat Off says about those Classifications.
Class 089
ORDNANCE
Class Definition:
This class includes all guns adapted to be mounted or supported otherwise than by hand, all explosion-operated guns including hand and shoulder firearms, bomb dropping devices, and those gun combinations and subcombinations which are not provided for in other classes including mounts, supports, carriages, loading and hoisting mechanisms, shields.
Subclass: 1.11
WAGING WAR: This subclass is indented under the class definition. Subject matter relating to conducting wars between nations and states, to tactics employed by a military, police, or like unit, or individual to the detriment of an adversary.
Class 376
INDUCED NUCLEAR REACTIONS: PROCESSES, SYSTEMS, AND ELEMENTS
Class Definition:
This class provides for patents directed to processes involving induced nuclear reactions and structures which implement such processes.
376 subclass 100 NUCLEAR FUSION: This subclass is indented under the class definition. Subject matter comprising structures and processes in which two reacting nuclei are combined to yield at least one nucleus having a greater mass than either of the reacting nuclei.
376 Subclass 123 Principal heating by wave energy: This subclass is indented under subclass 121. Subject matter wherein most of the energy imparted to the nuclei for bringing the nuclei to a condition sufficient for reaction to take place is imparted through electromagnetic energy.
The title of Eastlund's Patent is "Method for producing a shell of relativistic particles at an altitude above the earths surface." You can see for yourself theAssignee and the Classifications right on the first page of the text version of Eastlund's Patent . And in addition, you should look at the "CLAIMS" section and read claim "7. The method of claim 6 wherein said shell is formed as an anti-missile shield."
Also at the very end of the patent in the section called "BEST MODES FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION" you will read,
"It can be seen from the above, that by generating a shell 20 of high density, relativistic particle plasma, an effective defensive shield can be provided to guard against offensive missiles."
And that should clarify the purpose of the patent, and thus the purpose and mission of HAARP.
So what does all that mean? Well, HAARP itself is a radio transmitter system which heats a small portion of the ionosphere above the facility and does not directly produce nuclear reactions. The circularly polarized radio waves or "electromagnetic radiation" do cause "cyclotron" reactions in the ionsosphere to toss the ions into the magnetic bottle of the magnetosphere.
All those fast ions trapped in the magnetosphere then act as a "shield" used by the "military" to cause the incoming missiles to go Boom! And that is the "induced nuclear reactions" indicated by the patent classification. So much for HAARP just being a government facility for doing research on the aurora.
And if you want the real lowdown info on what "those guys" are really doing up there at HAARP, then you can take a look at The Unauthorized History of HAARP. http://www.bibliotecapleyades.net/
I claim:
1. A method for establishing a region of a plasma at an altitude of at least about 1500 km above the surface of the earth, said method comprising: providing at least one source of circularly polarized electromagnetic radiation having a first frequency in the range of from about 1800 to about 3600 kHz; transmitting said electromagnetic radiation from said earth's surface substantially parallel to and along at least one of the earth's naturally occurring and diverging magnetic field lines and focused so as to provide a power flux of about 0.1 to about 1 watt per square centimeter at an altitude of at least 250 km; adjusting said first frequency of said electromagnetic radiation to a value which will excite a first electron cyclotron resonance within plasma which normally exists adjacent said field line at a first altitude of at least about 250 km whereby said electron cyclotron resonance causes heating and further ionization of said plasma to form a plasma having an ion energy of at least 3 ev; continuing to excite said first electron cyclotron resonance for a time between 0.1 and 1200 seconds sufficient to cause movement of said plasma upward along said diverging magnetic field lines from said first altitude to said region at said altitude of at least about 1500 km; providing electromagnetic radiation having a second frequency in the range of from about 20 to 1800 kHz and different from said first frequency and which will excite further electron cyclotron resonance in said plasma after it has moved to said region to further heat and to further ionize said plasma and to raise the mirror points of said plasma; and continuing to excite said second electron cyclotron resonance in said plasma to produce relativistic electrons in said plasma having an electron energy up to 20 million electron volts.
2. The method of claim 1 wherein the excitation of said first electron cyclotron resonance is continued for a sufficient time of about 1200 seconds to expand said plasma upward along said diverging magnetic field lines to the apex of said lines to thereby trap at least some of said plasma which causes said plasma to oscillate between magnetic mirror points on said field lines and to be further heated by stochastic heating.
3. The method of claim 2 wherein said second electron resonance is continued until the electron concentration of said trapped plasma reaches at least about 10.sup.9 per cubic centimeters.
4. The method of claim 2 wherein the energy of the relativistic electrons in said trapped plasma is at least about 2 million electron volts.
5. The method of claim 4 wherein said first electron cyclotron resonance is continued until a shell of relativistic electrons is formed by natural drift of said electrons around the earth's circumference.
6. The method of claim 5 wherein the width of said shell is at least about 100 km.
7. The method of claim 6 wherein said shell is formed as an anti-missile shield.
DESCRIPTION
1. Technical Field The present invention relates to a method for altering a selected region of plasma normally existing at a substantial altitude above the earth's surface and more particularly relates to a method for producing a magnetically-trapped shell of high density plasma having relativistic particles therein.
2. Background Art In the late 1950's, it was discovered that naturally-occurring belts exist at high altitudes above the earth's surface, and it is now established that these belts result from charged electrons and ions becoming trapped along the magnetic lines of force (field lines) of the earth's essentially dipole magnetic field. The trapped electrons and ions are confined along the field lines between two magnetic mirrors which exist at spaced apart points along those field lines. The trapped electrons and ions move in helical paths around their particular field lines and "bounce" back and forth between the magnetic mirrors.
These trapped electrons and ions can oscillate along the field lines for long periods of time In the past several years, substantial effort has been made to understand and explain the phenomena involved in belts of trapped electrons and ions and to explore possible ways to control and use these phenomena for beneficial purposes. For example, in the late 1950's and early 1960's, both the United States and U.S.S.R. detonated a series of nuclear devices of various yields to generate large numbers of charged particles at various altitudes, e.g., 200 kilometers (km) or greater. This was done in order to establish and study artificial belts of trapped electrons and ions. These experiments established that at least some of the extraneous electrons and ions from the detonated devices did become trapped along field lines in the earth's magnetosphere to form artificial belts which were stable for prolonged periods of time. For a discussion of these experiments see "The Radiation Belt and Magnetosphere", W. N. Hess, Blaisdell Publishing Co., 1968, pps. 155 et sec.
Other proposals which have been advanced for altering existing belts of trapped electrons and ions and/or establishing similar artificial belts include injecting charged particles from a satellite carrying a payload of radioactive beta-decay material or alpha emitters; and injecting charged particles from a satellite-borne electron accelerator. Still another approach is described in U.S. Pat. No. 4,042,196 wherein a low energy ionized gas, e.g. hydrogen, is released from a synchronous orbiting satellite near the apex of a radiation belt which is naturally occurring in the earth's magnetosphere to produce a substantial increase in energetic particle precipitation and, under certain conditions, produce a limit in the number of particles that can be stably trapped.
This precipitation effect arises from an enhancement of the whistler-mode and ion-cyclotron mode interactions that results from the ionized gas or "cold plasma" injection. It has also been proposed to release large clouds of barium in the magnetosphere so that photoionization will increase the cold plasma density, thereby producing electron precipitation through enhanced whistler-mode interactions. However, in all of the above-mentioned approaches, the mechanisms involved in triggering the change in the trapped particle phenomena must be actually positioned within the affected zone, e.g., the magnetosphere, before they can be actuated to effect the desired change.
The earth's ionosphere is not considered to be a "trapped" belt since there are few trapped particles therein. The term "trapped" herein refers to situations where the force of gravity on the trapped particles is balanced by magnetic forces rather than hydrostatic or collisional forces. The charged electrons and ions in the ionosphere also follow helical paths around magnetic field lines within the ionosphere but are not trapped between mirrors as in the case of the trapped belts in the magnetosphere, as the gravitational force on the particles is balanced by collisional or hydrostatic forces. In recent years, a number of experiments have actually been carried out to modify the ionosphere in some controlled manner to investigate the possibility of a beneficial result. For detailed discussions of these operations see the following papers:
(1) Ionospheric Modification Theory; G. Meltz and F. W. Perkins;
(2) The Platteville High Power Facility; Carrol et al.;
(3) Arecibo Heating Experiments; W. E. Gordon and H. C. Carlson, Jr.; and
(4) Ionospheric Heating by Powerful Radio Waves; Meltz et al., all published in Radio Science, Vol. 9, No. 11, November, 1974, at pages 885-888; 889-894; 1041-1047; and 1049-1063, respectively, all of which are incorporated herein by reference.
In such experiments, certain regions of the ionosphere are heated to change the electron density and temperature within these regions. This is accomplished by transmitting from earth-based antennae high frequency electromagnetic radiation at a substantial angle to, not parallel to, the ionosphere's magnetic field to heat the ionospheric particles primarily by ohmic heating. The electron temperature of the ionosphere has been raised by hundreds of degrees in these experiments, and electrons with several electron volts of energy have been produced in sufficient numbers to enhance airglow.
Electron concentrations have been reduced by a few percent, due to expansion of the plasma as a result of increased temperature. In the Elmo Bumpy Torus (EBT) device, a major controlled fusion device at the Oak Ridge National Laboratory, all heating is provided by microwaves at the electron cyclotron resonance interaction. A ring of hot electrons is formed in the magnetic mirror by a combination of electron cyclotron resonance and stochastic heating. In the EBT, the ring electrons are produced with an average "temperature" of 250 kev (2.5.times.10.sup.9 K) and a plasma beta between 0.1 and 0.4 ; see, "A Theoretical Study of Electron - Cyclotron Absorption in Elmo Bumpy Torus", Batchelor and Goldfinger, Nuclear Fusion, Vol. 20, No. 4 (1980) pps. 403-418. Electron cyclotron resonance heating has been used in experiments on the earth's surface to produce and accelerate plasmas in a diverging magnetic field. Kosmahl et al. showed that power was efficiently transferred from the electromagnetic waves and that a fully ionized plasma was accelerated with a divergence angle of roughly 13 degrees.
Optimum neutral gas density was 1.7.times.10.sup.14 per cubic centimeter; see, "Plama Acceleration with Microwaves Near Cyclotron Resonance", Kosmahl et al., Journal of Applied Physics, Vol. 38, No. 12, November, 1967, pps. 4576-4582. It has heretofore been recognized that an intense focused beam of charged or neutral particles (e.g., plasma) can carry a potentially destructive amount of energy and is capable under certain circumstances of melting a hole in a piece of metal or of damaging even shielded electronic circuits. Recently, proposals have been set forth to exploit such particle beams as possible defense mechanisms to be used to protect against offensive missiles which may be launched by a hostile power; see "Particle-Beam Weapons"; J. Parmentola and K. Tsipis; Scientific American, April, 1979, Vol. 240, No. 4, which is incorporated herein by reference.
In such proposals, a particle accelerator is mounted in a satellite in an earth orbit at a 1000 km altitude and, when actuated, will increase the kinetic energy of a large number of individual atomic ions or subatomic charged particles and then direct them collectively at a target. A typical accelerator consists of a source of particles, a device for injecting the particles into the accelerator, and a series of accelerating sections. Every particle that strikes a target will transfer some of its energy to the material of the target. Given a large enough number of particles hitting the target in a short enough time, the deposited energy can become great enough to burn a hole in the "skin" of the target (e.g., missile) to denotate the chemical-explosive "trigger" of a warhead or to disrupt the electronics (e.g., guidance controls) inside the target vehicle. However, in these proposals, the accelerator has to be placed in orbit to generate the required "beam" of charged particles, and has to be accurately placed so that the beam can be aimed directly at the target.
DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION
This invention provides a method for establishing an upper region of a high density (i.e., electron concentration), high energy plasma at a selected altitude, e.g., at least about 1500 km, above the surface of the earth. Plasma (i.e., charged particles) which normally exists at a lower region, e.g., altitude of at least about 250 km, is excited by first electron cyclotron resonance heating to thereby increase the charged particle energy. This is done by transmitting circularly polarized electromagnetic radiation from a point at or near the location where a naturally-occurring dipole magnetic field (force) line intersects the earth's surface. The radiation is deliberately transmitted at the outset in a direction substantially parallel to and along the field line which extends upwardly through the region or regions of plasma to be altered.
The radiation is transmitted at a first frequency, e.g., from about 1000 to about 3600 kilohertz (kHz) based on the gyrofrequency of the charged particles in the lower regions. When applied to the plasma in said region, the radiation excites electron cyclotron resonance within the plasma to heat and accelerate the charged particles in their respective helical paths around and along the field line. This increase in energy causes ionization of neutral particles which then become a part of the plasma thereby increasing the charged particle density of the plasma. This first electron cyclotron resonance heating is carried out at sufficient power levels to allow the plasma to generate a mirror force which forces the charged electrons of the altered plasma upward along the force line to said upper region.
Circularly polarized electromagnetic radiation of a second frequency (e.g., from about 20 to about 1800 kHz) is employed to excite a second electron cyclotron resonance heating in the plasma at the level of said upper region to further and further ionize said plasma. This heating is continued until the plasma has expanded to the apex of said divergent magnetic field lines at which time at least some of the plasma is trapped along said field lines and oscillates between magnetic mirror points on said lines. As energy is absorbed by the trapped electrons by continued second electron cyclotron resonance heating, the mirror points of the particles forming the altered plasma will be raised from their original positions in the lower region to the point in the upper region where said second electromagnetic radiation is being absorbed.
Further, as trapped particles oscillate back and forth between the hemispheres, they will be heated stochastically since they pass repeatedly through the heating region, that is the said upper region. The stochastic heating will be continued until the electron energies reach the range of from about 2 to about 5 Mev, at which the electrons are relativistic because of the electron masses having been increased substantially due to their high velocities. This increases the density or electron concentration of the trapped plasma to 10.sup.9 per cubic centimeter. The plasma will be confined between adjacent field lines and will form a shell of relativistic particles there between as these particles naturally "drift" around the earth. The shell so formed may be used as an anti-missile shield. The high energy, relativistic particles in the shell will collide with any missile passing there through to give up energy which, in turn, will damage or destroy the missile.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
The actual construction, operation, and apparent advantages of the present invention will be better understood by referring to the drawings in which like numerals identify like parts and in which: FIG. 1 is a simplified, schematical view of the earth (not to scale) and a magnetic field (force) line along which the present invention is carried out; FIG. 2 is a simplified, idealized representation of a physical phenomenon involved in the present invention; and FIG. 3 is a simplified, perspective view of a high intensity, plasma shell formed in accordance with the present invention.
BEST MODES FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
The earth's magnetic field is somewhat analogous to a dipole bar magnet. As such, the earth's magnetic field contains numerous divergent field or force lines, each line intersecting the earth's surface at two points on opposite sides of the equator. The field lines which intersect the earth's surface near the poles have apexes which lie at the furthest points in the earth's magnetosphere while those closest to the equator have apexes which reach only the lower portion of the magnetosphere and below. In both the earth's ionosphere and the magnetosphere, plasma is present along these field lines.
This plasma consists of equal numbers of positively and negatively charged particles (i.e., electrons and ions) which are guided by the field line. It is well established that a charged particle in a magnetic field gyrates about field lines; the center of gyration at any instance being called the "guiding center" of the particle. As the gyrating particle moves along a line of force in a uniform field, it will follow a helical path about its guiding center, which moves linearly along the field line. Electrons and ions both follow helical paths around a field line but rotate in opposite directions.
The frequencies at which the electrons and ions rotate about the field line are called gyromagnetic frequencies or cyclotron frequencies because they are identical with the expression for the angular frequencies of gyration of particles in a cyclotron. The cyclotron frequency of ions in a given magnetic field is less than that of electrons, in inverse proportion to their masses. If the particles which form the plasma along the earth's field lines continued to move with a constant pitch angle, often designated "alpha", they would soon impact on the earth's surface; pitch angle alpha being defined as the angle between the direction of the earth's magnetic field and the velocity (V) of the particle.
However, in converging force fields, the pitch angle does change in such a way as to allow the particle to turn around and avoid impact. Consider a particle moving along a field line down toward the earth. It moves into a region of increasing magnetic field strength and therefore sine alpha increases. But sine alpha can only increase to 1.0, at which point, the particle turns around and starts moving up along the field line, and alpha decreases. The point at which the particle turns around is called the mirror point, and there alpha equals ninety degrees.
This process is repeated at the other end of the field line where the same magnetic field strength value B, namely Bm, exists. The particle again turns around and this is called the "conjugate point" of the original mirror point. The particle is therefore trapped and bounces between the two magnetic mirrors. The particle can continue oscillating in space in this manner for long periods of time. The actual place where a particle will mirror can be calculated from the following: sin.sup.2 alpha.sub.o =B.sub.o /B.sub.m (1) wherein: alpha.sub.o =equatorial pitch angle of particle B.sub.o =equatorial field strength on particular field line B.sub.m =field strength at the mirror point Recent discoveries have established that there are substantial regions of naturally trapped particles in space which are commonly called "trapped radiation belts".
These belts occur at altitudes greater than about 500 km and accordingly lie in the magnetosphere and mostly above the ionosphere. The ionosphere, while it may overlap some of the trapped-particle belts, is a region in which hydrostatic forces govern its particle distribution in the gravitational field. The motion of the ionosphere is governed by both hydrodynamic and electrodynamic forces. While there are few trapped particles in the ionosphere, nevertheless, plasma is present along field lines in the ionosphere. The charged particles which form this plasma move between collisions with other particles along similar helical paths around the field lines and although a particular particle may diffuse downward into the earth's lower atmosphere or diverge from its original field line due to collisions with other particles, these charged particles are normally replaced by other available charged particles.
The electron density or concentration (N.sub.e) of the plasma will vary with the actual conditions and locations involved. Also, neutral particles, ions, and electrons are present in proximity to the field lines. As known in plasma physics, the characteristics of a plasma can be altered by adding energy to the charged particles or by ionizing additional particles to increase the density of the plasma. One way to do this is by heating the plasma which can be accomplished in different ways, e.g., ohmic, magnetic compression, shock waves, magnetic pumping, electronic cyclotron resonance, and the like.
Since electron cyclotron resonance heating is involved in the present invention, a brief discussion of same is in order. Increasing the energy of electrons in a plasma by invoking electron cyclotron resonance heating, is based on a principle similar to that utilized to accelerate charged particles in a cyclotron. If a plasma is confined by a static axial magnetic field of strength B, the charged particles will gyrate about the lines of force with a frequency given, in hertz, as f.sub.g =1.54.times.10.sup.3 B/A, where: B=magnetic field strength in gauss, and A=mass number of the ion.
Suppose a time-varying field of this frequency is superimposed on the static field B confining the plasma, by passage of a radiofrequency current through a coil which is concentric with that producing the axial field, then in each half-cycle of their rotation about the field lines, the charged particles acquire energy from the oscillating electric field associated with the radio frequency. For example, if B is 10,000 gauss, the frequency of the field which is in resonance with protons in a plasma is 15.4 megahertz. As applied to electrons, electron cyclotron resonance heating requires an oscillating field having a definite frequency determined by the strength of the confining field.
The radio-frequency radiation produces time-varying fields (electric and magnetic), and the electric field accelerates the charged particle. The energized electrons share their energy with ions and neutrals by undergoing collisions with these particles, thereby effectively raising the temperature of the electrons, ions, and neutrals. The apportionment of energy among these species is determined by collision frequencies. For a more detailed understanding of the physics involved, see "Controlled Thermonuclear Reactions", Glasstone and Lovberg, D. Van Nostrand Company, Inc., Princeton, N.J., 1960 and "The Radiation Belt and Magnetosphere", Hess, Blaisdell Publishing Company, 1968, both of which are incorporated herein by reference.
Referring now to the drawings, the present invention provides a method for altering an upper region of plasma which lies along a field line when it passes through the ionosphere and/or magnetosphere. FIG. 1 is a simplified illustration of the earth 10 and one of its essentially dipole magnetic force or field lines 11. As will be understood, line 11 may be any one of the numerous naturally existing field lines and the actual geographical locations 13 and 14 of line 11 will be chosen based on the particular operation to be carried out. The actual locations at which field lines intersect the earth's surface is documented and is readily ascertainable by those skilled in the art.
Line 11 passes through region R.sub.1 which lies at an altitude, e.g., at least about 250 kilometers (km) above the earth's surface. As explained above, plasma will be present along line 11 within region R.sub.1 and is represented by the helical line 12. Plasma 12 is comprised of charged particles (electrons and ions) which rotate about opposing helical paths along line 11. Antenna 15 is positioned as close as practical to the location 14 where line 11 intersects the earth's surface. Antenna 15 may be of any known construction for high directionality, for example, a phased array, beam spread angle (.theta.) type; see "The MST Radar at Poker Flat, Alaska", Radio Science, Vol. 15, No. 2, March-April 1980, pps. 213-223, which is incorporated herein by reference. Antenna 15 is coupled to transmitter 16 which generates high frequency electromagnetic radiation at a wide range of discrete frequencies, e.g., from about 20 to about 7200 kHz.
Transmitter 16 is powered by power generator means 17 which is preferably comprised of one or more commercial electrical generators such as magnetogydrodynamic, turbine, fuel cell, electrogasdynamic generators, and the like. Some embodiments of the present invention require large amounts of power, e.g., up to 10.sup.10 watts, in continuous wave or pulsed power. Generation of the needed power is within the state of the art. The electrical generators can be powered in any known manner, e.g., nuclear reactors, hydroelectric facilities, hydrocarbon fuels in areas where large supplies are available, and the like. In FIG. 1, a first step of the present invention is illustrated where a selected region R.sub.1 of plasma 12 is altered by electron cyclotron resonance heating to accelerate the electrons of plasma 12, which are following helical paths along line 11. To accomplish this result, electromagnetic radiation is transmitted at the outset, essentially parallel to field line 11 via antenna 15 as circularly polarized radiation wave 20 (right-hand circularly polarized in the Northern Hemisphere and left-hand in the Southern Hemisphere).
Wave 20 has a frequency which will excite electron cyclotron resonance with plasma 12 at its initial or original altitude. This frequency (from about 20 to about 7200 kHz) will vary depending on the electron cyclotron resonance or harmonic of the resonance of region R.sub.1 which, in turn, can be determined from available data based on the altitude of region R.sub.1, the particular field line 11 being used, the strength of the earth's magnetic field, etc. Also, for any given application, there will be a threshhold (minimum power level) which is needed to produce the desired result. The minimum power level is a function of the level of plasma production and movement required, taking into consideration any loss processes that may be dominant in a particular plasma or propagation path. As electron cyclotron resonance is established in plasma 12, energy is transferred from the electromagnetic radiation 20 into plasma 12 to heat and accelerate the electrons, and subsequently ions and neutrals.
As this process continues, neutral particles which are present within R.sub.1 are ionized and absorbed into plasma 12 and this increases the electron and ion densities of plasma 12. As the electron energy is raised to values of about 1 kilo electron volt (kev), the generated mirror force (explained below) will direct the excited plasma 12 upward along line 11 into a second region R.sub.2 which is at an altitude higher than that of R.sub.1. Plasma acceleration results from the force on an electron produced by a nonuniform static magnetic field (B). The force, called the mirror force in this context, is given by F=-.mu...gradient.B (2) where .mu. is the electron magnetic moment and .gradient. B is the gradient of the magnetic field, .mu. being further defined as: W.sub..perp. /B=mV.sub..perp..sup.2 /2B where W.sub..perp. is the kinetic energy in the direction perpendicular to that of the magnetic field lines and B is the magnetic field strength at the line of force on which the guiding center of the particle is located. The force as represented by equation (2) is the force which is responsible for a particle obeying equation (1).
Since the magnetic field is divergent in region R.sub.1, it can be shown that the plasma will move upwardly from the heating region as shown in FIG. 1 and further it can be shown that 1/2M.sub.e V.sub.e.perp..sup.2 (x).perspectiveto.1/2M.sub.e V.sub.e.perp..sup.2 (Y)+1/2M.sub.i V.sub.i11.sup.2 (Y) (3) where the left hand side is the initial electron transverse kinetic energy; the first term on the right is the transverse electron kinetic energy at some point (Y) in the expanded field region, while the final term is the ion kinetic energy parallel to B at point (Y). This last term is what constitutes the desired ion flow. It is produced by an electrostatic field set up by electrons which are accelerated according to Equation (2) in the divergent field region and pulls ions along with the them. Equation (3) ignores electron kinetic energy parallel to B because V.sub.e11 .apprxeq.V.sub.i11, so the bulk of parallel kinetic energy resides in the ions because of their greater masses.
For example, if an electromagnetic energy flux of from about 0.1 to about 1 watts per square centimeter is applied to region R.sub.1, whose altitude is about 250 km, a plasma having a density (N.sub.e) of 10.sup.9 per cubic centimeter and an ion energy of about 3 ev will be generated and moved upward to region R.sub.2, which has an altitude of about 1500 km. The movement of electrons in the plasma is due to the mirror force while the ions are moved by ambipolar diffusion (which results from the electrostatic field). This effectively "lifts" a layer of plasma 12 from R.sub.1 to the higher elevation R.sub.2. FIG. 2 is an idealized representation of movement of plasma 12 upon excitation by electron cyclotron resonance within the earth's divergent force field.
Electrons (e) are accelerated to velocities required to generate the necessary mirror force to cause their upward movement. At the same time neutral particles (n) which are present along line 11 in region R.sub.1 are ionized and become part of plasma 12. As electrons (e) move upward along line 11, they drag ions (i) with them but at an angle .theta. of about 13 degrees to field line 11. The ions, in turn, will drag the neutrals n along by colliding with them. Also, any particulates that may be present in region R.sub.1, will be swept upwardly with the plasma. As the charged particles of plasma 12 move upward, other particles such as neutrals within or below R.sub.1, move in to replace the upwardly moving particles. These neutrals, under some conditions, can drag with them charged particles from adjoining regions.
Referring now to FIGS. 1 and 3, plasma 12 having a density of 10.sup.9 per cubic centimeter and an ion energy of about 3 ev is formed in region R.sub.2 by heating plasma 12 within region R.sub.1 and moving it upward along field line 11 (e.g., earth field line L.sub.4) to region R.sub.2 which lies at an altitude of about 1500 km. To raise the necessary volume of plasma for the present invention, a total energy of 10.sup.15 joules will be applied through the electron cyclotron resonance heating of region R.sub.1. After the plasma 12 is raised to region R.sub.2, circularly polarized electromagnetic radiation having a second, different frequency (e.g., about 1.0 MHz) is transmitted to upper region R.sub.2 where it further excites electron cyclotron resonance heating within plasma 12 in region R.sub.2.
This radiation having a second different frequency can be supplied by adjusting the frequency of the original radiation used in region R.sub.1, and/or supplied by way of separate source of radiation. By further exciting the electrons to 10 ev per electron, plasma 12 will expand along line 11 to apex point C. When this occurs, a substantial portion of plasma 12 becomes trapped along line 11 and oscillates thereon between mirror points M.sub.B. The mirror points for the trapped particles of the altered plasma will be raised from their original mirror points M.sub.A (FIG. 1) in region R.sub.1 to mirror point M.sub.B in the upper region R.sub.2 by the continued second resonance cyclotron resonance heating as it is being applied to the particles in the upper region R.sub.2. The oscillation of the particles will then allow additional heating by stochastic heating which is associated with trapped and oscillating particles; see "A New Mechanism for Accelerating Electrons in the Outer Ionosphere" by R. A. Helliwell and T. F. Bell, Journal of Geophysical Research, Vol. 65, No. 6, June, 1960, which is incorporated herein by reference.
The continued excitation of electron cyclotron resonance heating in region R.sub.2 coupled with the stochastic heating that occurs due to oscillation on field line 11 will excite the electrons of plasma 12 to energies of from about 2 to about 5 Mev thereby making them relativistic (i.e., particles whose mass has increased due to high velocities). This combined heating effect is similar to Elmo Bumpy Torus (EBT) heating. As plasma 12 oscillates on line 11 above mirror points M.sub.B, it is contained between divergent field lines 11a and 11b (FIG. 3) which lie adjacent line 11, as will be understood by those skilled in the art. Particles trapped on a earth's magnetic field will naturally migrate or "drift" laterally around the earth's circumference following a path defined by a particular magnetic field shell (e.g., L.sub.4) which is present at substantially the same latitude around the earth. The plasma will drift until a shell 20 is formed having a width (w) in region R.sub.2.
The total energy to generate a shell 20 of relativistic particles having an average width in region R.sub.2 of 100 kilometers and a particle density of 10.sup.9 per cubic centimeter and a particle energy of 6 Mev will be about 10.sup.19 joules. Shell 20, once formed, provides an anti-missile, relativistic electron barrier that will detonate or serverly damage the electronic system of any missile that passes therethrough.
As illustrated in FIG. 3, an intercontinental ballistic missile (ICBM) that is launched along a trajectory such as shown by the heavy dashed line 25, will have to pass through shell 20 twice on its way to target X (once on its ascent and once upon reentry). As the missile passes through shell 20, the (high intensity (e.g., 6 Mev) particles of plasma 12 penetrate the missile. As each particle does this, it loses energy principally by transferring energy to electrons in the missile by a series of elastic collisions giving a cascade of electrons which leaves the direction of the mo ion largely undisturbed.
Eventually, the energy lost in the material of the missile manifests itself as heat thereby raising the temperature of the material where the particles collide. At the density and energy levels of plasma 12 within shell 20, the rate of energy deposition (i.e., heating) will be greater than can be dissipated and the material will melt or crack under thermal stress. Detectable damage will result either from burning through the walls of the missile's fuel container, damaging the electronic systems of the missile, or from detonation of the chemical-explosive triggers of the missile's warhead; the latter requiring about 200 joules per cubic centimeter of material impacted. It can be seen from the above, that by generating a shell 20 of high density, relativistic particle plasma, an effective defensive shield can be provided to guard against offensive missiles. http://www.bibliotecapleyades.net
Romanian translation
Care este valoarea de ionosferei de cercetare?
Creșterea continuă a numărului de sisteme de satelit civile și militare a căror performanță depinde de drumuri care trec prin ionosferă, încurajează nu numai caracterizare bun și de monitorizare a stării ionosferic, dar, de asemenea, o examinare a ceea ce controlate modificare locala a ionosferei, folosind sol HF emițătoare, ar putea face ca și pentru aceste sisteme. Astfel, în timp ce facilitatea de HAARP este de așteptat să ofere progrese semnificative in intelegerea stiintei ionosferic prin stimularea și controlul proceselor de plasmă într-o regiune mică localizată în ionosferă, ea are, de asemenea, potențialul de a afecta în mod semnificativ planificarea de sisteme de comunicații prin satelit și de navigație prin îmbunătățiri viitoare în fiabilitate și economie. http://web.archive.org/
1. Metodă pentru stabilirea unei regiuni de o plasmă la o altitudine de cel puțin aproximativ 1500 km deasupra suprafeței pământului, numita metodă cuprinzând: asigurarea a cel puțin o sursă de radiație electromagnetică polarizată circular având o primă frecvență în intervalul de la aproximativ 1800 la aproximativ 3600 kHz, transmite radiația electromagnetică a spus de la suprafața pământului în mod substanțial paralele și de-a lungul cel puțin unul dintre apar în mod natural și divergente liniile de câmp magnetic terestru și concentrat, astfel încât să asigure un flux de energie de circa 0,1 la circa 1 watt pe centimetru pătrat la o altitudine de cel puțin 250 km; ajustarea primul frecvență a spus de radiații electromagnetice a declarat la o valoare care va excita un prim rezonanta ciclotron de electroni în plasmă care există în mod normal adiacent linie de câmp a declarat, la o primă altitudine de cel puțin 250 km în care a spus de electroni rezonanta ciclotron provoacă încălzirea și ionizare în continuare a spus plasmă, pentru a forma o plasmă având o energie de ioni de cel puțin 3 ev, continuă să stârnească respectivul prim electroni ciclotron rezonanta pentru un timp între 0,1 și 1,200 secunde suficiente pentru a provoca deplasarea în sus de-a lungul a declarat plasmă spus divergente liniile de câmp magnetic de la respectiva primă altitudine regiune a declarat la spus altitudine de cel puțin 1500 km; furnizarea radiație electromagnetică având o a doua frecvență în domeniul de la circa 20 la 1800 kHz și diferit de respectivul prim frecvență și care va excita electroni continuare rezonanta ciclotron în plasmă a declarat după ce a mutat în regiune a declarat la căldură în continuare și pentru a ioniza a mai spus plasmă și pentru a crește punctele de oglindă a declarat plasmă, și continuă să excita de-al doilea electron ciclotron rezonanta in zis plasmă pentru a produce electroni în a spus plasma având un electron de energie de până la 20 de milioane de electron-volți. 2. Procedeu conform revendicării 1 caracterizat prin aceea că excitarea a primului electron ciclotron rezonanta este continuată un timp suficient de circa 1200 de secunde pentru a extinde spus plasmă spus în sus de-a lungul liniilor de a prinde astfel cel puțin unele dintre liniile de câmp magnetic divergente la vârful menționat declarat plasmă care provoacă spus plasmă să oscileze între punctele de oglindă magnetice de pe liniile de câmp spus și să fie încălzit în continuare prin încălzire stohastică. 3. Metodă conform revendicării 2 caracterizat prin aceea că al doilea rezonanță electronică se continuă până când concentrația de electroni a declarat plasmă prins atinge cel puțin aproximativ 10.sup.9 per centimetri cubi. 4. Metodă conform revendicării 2, în care energia electronilor relativiste din numita plasma prins este de cel puțin aproximativ 2 milioane de eV. 5. Procedeu conform revendicării 4 caracterizat prin aceea că primul electroni ciclotron rezonanta este continuată până când o coajă de electroni este format prin deriva naturală a spus electronilor în jurul circumferinței pământului. 6.Metodă conform revendicării 5, în care lățimea acelui înveliș este de cel puțin aproximativ 100 km. 7. Metodă conform revendicării 6, în care învelișul menționat este format ca un scut anti-rachetă. http://www.bibliotecapleyades.net
În perspectivă există posibilitatea construirii unui emițător de unde de înaltă frecvență foarte puternică pentru a face față unor cerințe ale cercetării ionosferei și a relației Pământ-Soare-Cosmos. Acest emițător de unde de înaltă frecvență se numește Ionospheric Research Instrument (IRI). Programul de cercetare HAARP a provocat diverse interpretări dar și polemici din punct de vedere al instituțiilor ce desfășoară acest program și beneficiarii acestora. O consecință a experiențelor desfășurate ar fi și faptul că energia uriașă de radiofrecvență generată prin amplificarea de milioane de ori a undelor radio poate distruge orice obiect staționar sau în mișcare în orice loc de pe Pământ, dar totodată poate crea găuri în ionosferă, producând pătrunderea și mărirea puterii de penetrare a razelor cosmice nocive. Publicațiile americane Fairbanks Daily News și Cooper River Country Journal au scris în septembrie 1995 materiale prin care se susținea că proiectul HAARP ar avea și obiective ascunse, mai precis că acesta ar reprezenta o „armă finală” cu performanțe ieșite din comun, revoluționând complet arta militară, fiind primul sistem de arme de valoare universală și cosmică.
Despre geoingineria climatica se vorbeste de cateva zeci de ani.
De-a lungul timpului, au fost promovate diferite metode de manipulare climatica, cea mai cunoscuta fiind avansata in 1997, de catre Edward Teller. Chiar de el, parintele bombei cu hidrogen si al razboaielor stelare. Teller a propus crearea unui ecran solar prin introducerea de particule reflectorizante in straturile superioare ale atmosferei – operatiune care, sustinea el, ar costa de 100 de ori mai putin decat cheltuielile necesare respectarii Tratatului de la Kyoto.
Potrivit economistului canadian Michel Chossudovsky, profesor la Universitatea din Ottawa, importanta dezbatere asupra incalzirii globale patronata de Natiunile Unite nu furnizeaza la ora actuala decat o imagine partiala a schimbarilor climatice; dincolo de impactul devastator al emisiilor de gaze cu efect de sera asupra stratului de ozon, clima mondiala poate fi modificata si de o noua generatie de sofisticate arme nonletale (non-lethal weapons), atat americanii, cat si rusii avand la dispozitie copioase capacitati de a se "distra" cu clima lumii.
In Statele Unite, acest tip de tehnologie a fost perfectionat in cadrul programului High-frequency Active Aural Research (HAARP), ca parte a Initiativei de Aparare Strategica. Recente studii stiintifice sugereaza ca HAARP este complet functional si are capacitatea sa provoace inundatii, seceta, uragane si cutremure.
Instrument in masura sa destabilizeze selectiv sistemele agricole si ecologice ale unor intregi regiuni, din punct de vedere strict militar HAARP reprezinta o arma de distrugere in masa. Chiar daca nu exista dovezi ca aceasta tehnologie mortala ar fi si folosita, unii oameni de stiinta considera ca ONU ar trebui sa abordeze problema "razboiului ambiental" in paralel cu discutiile asupra impactului climatic al gazelor de sera. Chestiunea deliberatei manipulari climatice in scopuri militare nu a fost trecuta niciodata in mod explicit pe agenda ONU privitoare la schimbarile climatice. In trecut, lupta dintre negociatorii oficiali, ambientalisti si lobby-urile business-ului american s-a concentrat asupra refuzului deschis al Statelor Unite de a face eforturi pentru reducerea emisiilor de CO2 in acord cu Protocolul de la Kyoto, din 1997.
Totusi, pana si George Bush, petrolistul prin excelenta, acelasi care nu a consimtit in ruptul capului sa ratifice Tratatul de la Kyoto, a fost constrans in cele din urma la o tardiva convertire la ambientalism, prezentand in luna ianuarie o initiativa complexa de reducere a consumului de benzina cu 20% in urmatorii 10 ani, in favoarea etanolului. In discursul sau, presedintele american a legat apararea mediului inconjurator de dezvoltarea economica si de siguranta nationala.
Inaintea lui Bush, Arnold Schwarzenegger a anticipat trendul ecologist: in luna august 2006, guvernatorul Californiei a aprobat o lege care angajeaza statul respectiv sa reduca pana in 2020 intensitatea gazelor cu efect de sera emise in atmosfera cu 25%. In aceeasi perioada, in salile de cinema americane, filmul documentar An Inconvenient Truth, semnat de fostul vicepresedinte american Al Gore, film care ilustreaza povestea impactului schimbarilor climatice asupra mediului, inregistra un surprinzator succes de box-office.
Protocolul de la Kyoto, care a incercat sa-i determine pe marii poluatori sa se implice in reducerea emisiilor la nivelurile inregistrate in anii ’90 sau chiar sub acestea, nu poate fi insa considerat un esec total. Cel mai probabil, statele UE si Japonia isi vor atinge obiectivele asumate, chiar daca n-o va face si Canada. In plus, Kyoto a generat o piata globala pentru reducerea carbonului care inlesneste „taierea“ emisiilor intr-o maniera destul de eficienta. Actiunea nu va avea totusi un impact semnificativ asupra nivelului emisiilor si, implicit, asupra vitezei schimbarii climatice, pentru ca nu obliga tarile in curs de dezvoltare la a-si reduce propriile emisii. In plus, tratatul nu a fost ratificat de Statele Unite, cel mai mare producator mondial de gaz cu efect de sera. Cel mai mare nu pentru mult timp, fiindca, in fiecare an, China dezvolta o capacitate enorma de generare a energiei, derivata aproape in intregime din carbon, cel mai periculos combustibil. In scurt timp, China va depasi Statele Unite, in timp ce India vine si ea puternic din urma. Cat despre natiunile in curs de dezvoltare, acestea sustin, pe buna dreptate, ca daca tarile bogate sunt principalele vinovate de acutizarea problemei climatice, tot ele ar trebui sa fie si primele care sa incerce a o rezolva.
Hansen, care, din decembrie 2005, dupa o interventie in care invita la reducerea drastica a emisiilor de gaz cu efect de sera, a fost luat in colimator de Casa Alba. A specificat ca nu vorbeste in numele NASA, ci in al lui personal si a prezis ca, atunci cand incalzirea globala va creste cu pana la 3 grade Celsius, topirea calotelor polare si ulterioara ridicare a nivelului oceanelor va ingropa sub ape Florida, ca si mare parte din Louisiana si din coasta de est a Statelor Unite. Este imposibil de prognozat cu exactitate momentul in care se va intampla acest lucru. Dar se va intampla.
Hansen a mai precizat ca semnele incalzirii globale au inceput sa apara in mod dramatic in Groenlanda, unde gheata se topeste cu o viteza mult superioara celei de acum cinci ani, in timp ce nivelurile oceanelor sporesc cu 3,5 mm/an. Si ca o noua era glaciara va insemna extinctia umanitatii. Un om informat este pe jumatate salvat.
foto: Reuters, NASA, Rompres
Omul de stiinta Nicholas Begich – activist al campaniei impotriva HAARP – descrie acest program ca fiind "...o tehnologie bazata pe raze extrem de puternice de unde radio care ajung in zonele ionosferei (stratul cel mai inalt al atmosferei), se concentreaza asupra acesteia si o incalzesc. In acel moment, undele electromagnetice ricoseaza pe Pamant si penetreaza orice lucru – viu sau mort." Cercetatoarea Rosalie Bertell descrie si ea HAARP ca fiind „...o soba gigantica, in stare sa cauzeze principala spartura a ionosferei, facand nu atat gauri, cat incizii lungi in stratul protector ce impiedica radiatiile letale sa bombardeze planeta.“ Bertell este de parere ca "cercetatorii militari ai Statelor Unite lucreaza la sistemele climatice ca arma potentiala." Adica la intetirea furtunilor si la devierea fluviilor de vapori ale atmosferei terestre in vederea producerii secetei sau a inundatiilor in anumite zone. HAARP a fost prezentat opiniei publice drept un program de cercetare stiintifica si academica. Totusi, documente militare ale Statelor Unite par a sugera faptul ca principalul obiectiv al HAARP este acela de a exploata ionosfera in folosul Departamentului Apararii. Fara a se referi explicit la HAARP, un studiu al Aviatiei SUA pune accent pe folosirea "unor modificari induse ionosferei" ca mod de a altera atat modelele climatice, cat si radarele si comunicatiile inamice. Acum, sustinatorii proiectelor de geoinginerie climatica se limiteaza la a spune simplu ca este vorba despre interventii rapide si eficiente, incercand sa transforme o problema care priveste pe toata lumea intr-una tehnica, de dezbatut intre specialisti. Conventia de la Geneva include insa printre "armele interzise" acest tip de metode "belicoase", care urmaresc sa modifice clima si mediul inconjurator. Exista infinite alte obiectii fata de geoinginerie, printre care si una estetica: rezultat al radiatiei solare difuzate de particule, mult mai mare decat cea reflectata, din cerul albastru nu ar mai ramane decat o amintire: ne-am uita in sus si am vedea vazduhul alb-galbui, desprins parca dintr-un oribil film de science-fiction. http://www.descopera.ro/stiinta/928985-fata-intunecata-a-geoingineriei
- sa inlocuiasca printr-o tehnologie noua si compacta uriasul sistem de comunicare submarina prin frecvente extrem de joase care opereaza in Michigan si Wisconsin;
- sa fie folosit pentru a inlocui sistemul de radare cu raza de actiune pana dincolo de orizont (sistem care fusese planuit candva pentru actuala locatie a lui HAARP) cu un sistem mai flexibil si mai precis;
- sa ofere o modalitate de distrugere a comunicatiilor pe o arie extrem de larga, mentinand in acelasi timp in functiune propriul sistem de comunicatii al armatei;
- sa ofere o tomografie de penetrare a Pamantului pe suprafete intinse, care combinata cu abilitatile de procesare a computerelor EMASS si Cray, ar face posibila verificarea multor puncte ale tratatelor de pace si nonproliferare a armamentului nuclear;
- sa fie o unealta de cercetare geofizica pentru identificarea depozitelor de petrol, gaze si minerale pe suprafete mari;
- sa fie folosit pentru a detecta avioane care zboara la inaltime mica si proiectile teleghidate, facand astfel ca orice alta tehnologie sa fie depasita.
Posibilitatile de mai sus pot parea o idee excelenta tuturor celor care cred intr-un sistem de aparare puternic si celor interesati de reducerea costurilor. Cu toate acestea, modalitatile de intrebuintare posibile, pe care dosarele referitoare la HAARP nu le explica si care nu pot fi gasite decat in dosarele aviatiei americane, a armatei si a marinei, precum si in dosarele altor agentii federale, sunt alarmante. Mai mult decat atat, efectele folosirii abuzive ale acestor nivele de intensitate in scutul nostru natural – ionosfera – pot fi catastrofale, dupa parerea unor oameni de stiinta.
Deşi nu există nicio dovadă cum că aceste întâmplări meteorologice sunt rezultatul unui armament climatic, Laboratoarele Geofizice Phillips, care sunt partenere în proiectul HAARP, predau un curs pentru personalul militar de la Baza Aeriană Hanscom din Maryland numit “Tehnici de Modificare a Condiţiilor Meteorologice”. Cursul subliniază declanşarea furtunilor, uraganelor etc pentru uz militar.
Trebuie subliniat faptul că aceste tehnici pot provoca haos pe pieţele financiare şi de mărfuri şi pot fi folosite ca un instrument “de comerţ interior” în vederea unor câştiguri financiare. Manipularea meteorologică are abilitatea de a destabiliza instituţiile unei ţări. În acelaşi timp, tulburările în agricultură crează o dependenţă mai mare faţă de ajutorul alimentar şi de importurile de cereale din alte ţări mai “norocoase”.
1. Poker Flat Research Range Near Chatanika, Alaska 65° 7’37.10″N 147°29’37.61″W, 65° 7’48.34″N 147°28’14.05″W , +65° 7′ 55.61″, -147° 27′ 14.98″
Near Aberystwyth, Wales, UK +52° 25′ 28.26″, -4° 00′ 19.59″
- Gratan Healy, expert în energie și consilier al OSCE, a dezvăluit că este foarte posibil să reprezinte „arma finală” ce poate duce la sfârşitul civilizaţiei umane, mărturisind faptul că „războiul geoclimatic a devenit o realitate”.
- Nicholas Begich (un adversar activ al programului HAARP) explică: “HAARP este, în realitate, un bombardament al ionosferei cu unde radio extrem de puternice, care afectează diverse zone ale planetei. Undele electromagnetice revin pe pământ din ionosferă şi penetrează totul pe scoarţă – viu sau mort – generând fenomene absolut devastatoare.”
- Dr. Rosalie Bertell, descrie HAARP ca pe “un încălzitor gigantic care poate cauza perturbări majore în ionosferă, creând nu doar găuri, ci incizii lungi în stratul protector care ajută planeta să nu fie bombardată de radiaţii. Prin reflectarea spre sol a unor semnale de foarte joasă frecvenţă care au însă o intensitate mare, se poate realiza modificarea proceselor de gândire şi a celor emoţionale ale oamenilor aflaţi în zona ţintă, dar şi influenţarea dramatică a mişcărilor plăcilor tectonice care ar duce la cutremure artificiale.”.Dr. Bertell scria în 2000 într-un articol publicat de London Times că “oamenii de ştiinţă din serviciul armatei SUA lucrează la sisteme de modificare a vremii, ca potenţială armă. Aceste metode includ creşterea furtunilor şi deturnarea râurilor de vapori din atmosfera terestră pentru a produce secete sau inundaţii ţintite”.
- Dr. Daniel Winter, fizician din Waynesville, Carolina de Nord, susţine că “este foarte probabil ca asocierea dintre frecvenţele înalte ale sistemului HAARP şi frecvenţele naturale extrem de joase să declanşeze efecte secundare nebănuite. Se vorbeşte despre dezechilibre provocate deja de epoca industrială şi atomică, în special de iradierea mediului înconjurător cu particule mici de mare viteză comparabile cu nişte titireze minuscule. Starea energetică anormală a Terrei şi a atmosferei sale poate fi comparată cu o baterie de maşină supraîncărcată, cu fluxul normal de energie blocat, rezultatul fiind puncte fierbinţi, arcuri electrice, crăpături fizice şi turbulenţă generală generată de energia blocată ce încearcă să iasă.”
- Charles Yost de la Dynamic Systems, Leicester, Carolina de Nord: “HAARP bombardează ionosfera acolo unde ea este relativ instabilă. Există o conexiune electrică foarte puternică între ionosferă şi partea din atmosferă unde se formează vremea, denumită și atmosfera inferioară. Rezonanţa armonică în reţeaua electrică, un efect electric creat de om, produce căderea particulelor încărcate electric din centurile de radiaţie Van Allen, iar ionii care cad creează cristale de gheaţă ce duc la formarea norilor de ploaie. Un aspect care nu trebuie uitat este acela că ionosfera este un scut electric activ care protejează planeta de bombardamentul constant cu particule de energie ridicată din spaţiu. Această plasmă conductoare, împreună cu câmpul magnetic al Pământului, captează plasma electrică din spaţiu şi o împiedică să ajungă direct la suprafaţa terestră. Dacă ionosfera este profund afectată, atmosfera de dedesubt va reacţiona.”
- Richard Williams, de la Laboratorul Davis Sarnoff, Princeton, este mult mai categoric: „HAARP constituie un act iresponsabil de vandalism global. Pe lângă experimente de modificări climaterice s-au realizat pene totale de curent și suspendarea comunicaţiilor fără ca nimeni să fie tras la răspundere datorită secretizării totale a operaţiunilor militare. Practic, prin programul HAARP se experimentează manipularea vremii, uriaşe explozii în scoarţa terestră declanşatoare de mişcări tectonice, plus utilizarea sistemelor de comunicaţii şi de energie electrică drept arme strategice. Nu întâmplător administraţia Bush a refuzat să semneze Acordul de la Kyoto privind combaterea încălzirii generale a temperaturii pe Terra.”
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